Telling 「つもり」「ようと思う・ようと思っている」「予定だ」 Apart

TELLING THE PLAN PATTERNS 「つもり」「ようと思う・ようと思っている」「～予定だ」 APART
「つもり」「ようと思う・ようと思っている」「～予定だ」の使い分け
I would encourage beginners to read this carefully and work out for themselves whatever is unclear first; if you get stuck I will help. This post is not meant for anyone with no habit of reading, no habit of finding things out and no eagerness to learn. I will not answer comments asking again about what I have already written here, so that I can spend the time explaining to those who need to understand more! Thank you!

1. 「つもり」
Definition: the word 「つもり」 written in kanji is 「積り」, the character 積 (tích). So the sense of つもり as used today is 「積み重なっていること」, something stored up, piled up. From that phrase comes the deeper sense of 「心に積る」, an intention long nursed, 「前々から思っていた」, thought about beforehand, carrying the sense of will. 「つもり」 is not used when the decision or judgement is made at the moment of speaking.「つもりだ」 is also used to state a strongly subjective view of your own.
Example:
A: 今からスーパーに行くけど、一緒に行かない？
B：○うん、私も行く・○うん、私も行こうと思う・✖︎うん、私も行くつもりだ。(being asked whether you want to come along means there was no plan beforehand, so it is not used)

＊The subject of a sentence with 「つもり」 can be the speaker or some third person mentioned in the conversation
Example:
Aさんは今週末ハワイに行くつもりだと言いました。
Aさんは今週末ハワイに行くらしいです。
Aさんは今週末ハワイに行くつもりのようです。

＊The negative of 「つもり」: the ない・なかった verb form ＋つもり
Example:
私はハワイに行かないつもりです。

＊「た＋つもりだ」 is used to express a thought you had believed and nursed beforehand, stating a feeling
(The example below is set in a scene where A proposes to B, but last time B stammered a refusal; A did not take it, so this time she says outright that she had meant last time to say she could not marry him)
Example:
A:　Bさん、結婚してください！お願いしますよ！
B:　私はこの間、はっきりとできないと言ったでしょ？
A:　えっ、そうですか？
B:　私はできないと言ったつもりだったよ。
A:　。。。

2. 「ようと思う・ようと思っている」
Definition: it expresses a supposed case that will happen. This pattern also carries the sense of will, but the thought need not have been nursed beforehand or intended in advance; thinking about it in advance or not are both fine.
Example:
私は今週末、ハワイに行こうと思う・行こうと思っている

「行こうと思う・行こうと思っている」 expresses the supposed case of going to Hawaii: you want to go, but whether you go in the end is not clear.

＊Comparing 「ようと思う」 and 「ようと思っている」
「ようと思う」: the decision can be made at the moment of speaking; it need not have been thought about beforehand
「ようと思っている」: you have had some time to think and have reached a decision; 「ている」 here expresses an action over a period of time

3. 「～予定だ」
Definition:「～予定だ」 Unlike the 3 patterns above, which are subjective decisions or plans, this pattern does not directly express the speaker's will or thinking but is objective. It says nothing about whether you set the plan yourself (it may have been arranged by someone else, a business trip for instance…); it simply states that such a plan exists, and that the decision may change with circumstances, with no clear statement of whether it will happen.
Example:
私は今週末、ハワイに行く予定だ。
私は来週出張に行く予定です。

There are other uses besides, but the above is the basic knowledge I have gathered from my own experience and from a few teaching books.
Good luck with your studies!
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Thanks to Cao Kieu Nga for sharing.
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