Learn N3 Grammar – Week 4 Day 6

Learn N3 Grammar – Week 4 Day 6
A roundup of the most commonly used N3 grammar.
Below is the most commonly used N3 grammar for anyone taking the JLPT

I. Pattern ~つまり (~tsumari)
* Meaning: in short; that is. Used when saying something in a different way; putting it another
way; rephrasing; restating.
* Usage: simply clause a. つまり clause a’.

Examples
1. 彼はその会議に出席しなかった。つまりその計画には賛成でないということ だ .
Kare wa sono kaigi ni shusseki shinakatta. Tsumari sono keikaku ni wa sansei de nai to iu koto da.
He did not attend the meeting, which means he does not agree with the plan.

2. つまりそれが君の言いたいことですね.
Tsumari kore ga kimi no iitai koto desu ne.
In short, this is what you want to say, right.

3. 「えーと、もう付き合うのは無理だ と 思う…」 「つまり、私のことが嫌いになったというこ と なのね。
“Eeto, mou tsukiau nowa muri da to omou…” “”Tsumari, watashi no koto ga kirai ni natta to iu kotona no ne”
"Um, I do not think it is right for us to go out…" "In other words, you hate me, is that it?"

4. 父の兄、つまり私の伯父は、医者をしている。
Chichi no ani, tsumari watashi no oji wa isha wo shite iru.
My father’s elder brother, that is, my uncle, is a doctor.

II. Pattern ~そのため (~sono tame)
* Meaning: therefore; so; for that reason…
* Usage: clause a (purpose, reason). そのため clause b (result)

Examples
1. 隣の駅で事故があったらしい。そのために電車が遅れている。
Tonari no eki de jiko ga atta rashii. Sono tame ni densha ga okurete iru.
There was an accident at the next station. So the trains were late.

2. 留学するつもりだ。そのために、バイトしてお金をためている。
Ryuugaku suru tsumori da. Sono tame ni, baito shite okane wo tamete iru.
I am planning to study abroad. That is why I am doing part-time work to save money.

III. Pattern ~その結果 (~sono kekka)
* Meaning: as a result, therefore, so, after…
* Usage: a. その結果 b. Where a happened in the past and is the cause or reason for what followed.

Examples
1. 父は人の何倍も努力した。その結果、仕事で成功した。
Chichi wa hito nanbai mo doryoku shita. Sono kekka, shigoto de seikou shita.
My father worked several times harder than everyone else. As a result he succeeded in his work.

2. 3 ヶ月ダイエットを続けた。その結果、5 キロやせた。
Sankagetsu daietto wo tsuduketa. Sono kekka, gokiro yaseta.
I dieted for three whole months. As a result I lost 5kg.

IV. Pattern ~なぜなら (~naze nara)
* Meaning: because; if you ask why, it is because; for; since
* Usage: a なぜなら(ば）/ なぜかというと/ どうしてかというと b. Where a is the conclusion and
b is the cause or reason. Clause b usually ends with ~からです.

Examples
1. 来週、国に帰る予定です。なぜならば、親友の結婚式に出席するからです 。
Raishuu, kuni ni kaeru yotei desu. Naze naraba, shinyuu no kekkonshiki ni shusseki suru kara desu.
I am planning to go home next week. It is for my best friend’s wedding.

2. 学校を変えた。なぜかというと、僕のレベルのクラスがなかったか ら だ。
Gakkou wo kaeta. Naze ka to iu to, boku no reberru (level) no kurasu(class) ga nakatta kara da.
I have changed schools. Because my old school did not have a class at my level.