Learn N3 Grammar – Week 1 Day 6

Learn N3 Grammar – Week 1 Day 6
A roundup of the most commonly used N3 grammar.
Below is the most commonly used N3 grammar for anyone taking the JLPT

I. Structure: V ようと思う (V-you to omou)
The verb V is in the 意向形 (ikoukei, volitional form). For how to form it, see the grammar of lesson 31.

This pattern expresses the speaker’s decision, will or plan, a decision made earlier and still held now. It is often seen as 思っています (omotte imasu) – I am thinking of
~
Examples
1. 時間があれば、旅行をしようと思っています. (旅行するつもりです)
Jikan ga areba, ryokou wo shiyou to omotte imasu. (=ryokou suru tsumori desu)
If I have time, I am planning to travel.

2. 日本で仕事を見つけようと思っています.
Nihon de shigoto wo mitsukeyou to motte imasu.
I am planning to look for a job in Japan.

3. 外国で勉強しようと思っています.
Gaikoku de benkyoushiyou to omotte imasu.
I am planning to study abroad.

II. Structure: V ようとする (V-you to suru)
Describes action 2 happening just as you start to do action 1.

Examples
1. 電車に乗ろうとしたときに、ドアが閉まって乗れなかっ た 。(=乗る動作を始めたとき
に)
Densha ni norou to shita toki ni, door ga shimatte norenakatta.
Just as I was about to get on the train, the doors slammed shut and I could not get on.

2. あ、ポチが、あなたの靴をかもうとしているよ。(=かみそうだ)
A, pochi ga, anata no kutsu wo kamou to shite iru yo.
Oh, it looks like Pochi wants to bite your shoe. (Pochi is just the dog’s name)

III. Structure: V ようとしない (V-you to shinai)
Describes not wanting to do something.

Examples
1. 彼は自分のことは何も言おうとしない。(=言うつもりがない)
Kare wa jibun no koto wa nani mo iou to shinai.
He shows no intention of talking about himself.