Learn N3 Grammar – Week 3 Day 6

Learn N3 Grammar – Week 3 Day 6
A roundup of the most commonly used N3 grammar.
Below is the most commonly used N3 grammar for anyone taking the JLPT

I. Pattern ~がる/ ~がって/ ~がらないで (~garu/ ~gatte/ ~garanai de)
* Meaning: used when talking about other people’s feelings or wishes.
* Usage: for an "A い" adjective drop the "i", for an "A な" adjective drop the "na", for the desiderative "V たい" drop the "i", then add ~がる/ ~がって/ ~がらないで.
* Note: this pattern is never used to talk about your own wishes or feelings.

Examples
1. 怖がらないで下さい。
Kowagaranai de kudasai.
Do not be afraid.

2. 恥ずかしがらないで、前に出てきて下さい。
Hazukashigaranai de, mae ni dete kite kudasai.
Do not be shy, come and stand at the front.

3. 田中さんが、あなたに会いたがっていましたよ。
Tanaka-san ga anata ni aitagatte imashita yo.
Takana said he wants to see you.

II. Pattern ~てほしい/ ~てもらいたい (~te hoshii/ ~te moraitai)
* Meaning: used when you want someone to do something for you.
* Usage: V て/ V ないで + ほしい/ もらいたい

Examples
1. あのう、教科書を見せてほしいですが。。。
Anou, kyoukasho wo misete hoshii desu ga….
Excuse me, may I see that textbook?

2. あなたに教えてもらいたい事があります。
Anata ni oshiete moraitai koto ga arimasu.
There is something I need you to tell me.

3. 国へ帰っても日本語を忘れないで欲しい。
Kuni e kaettemo nihongo wo wasure naide hoshii.
Even when you go back home, I hope you will not forget your Japanese

III. Pattern ~ふりをする (~furi wo suru)
* Meaning: describes an outward appearance that differs from the reality.
* Usage: put the verb, adjective or noun into the plain form and add ふりをする. Note that "na" adjectives keep "na", and nouns add "no".

Examples
1. 彼はそのことについて知っているふりをしているが、本当は知らないと思う。
Kare wa sono koto ni tsuite shitte iru furi wo shite iru ga, hontou wa shiranai to omou.
He acts as if he knows about it, but I do not think he knows anything really

2. 田中さんは独身のふりをしているが、結婚していて、3 人も子供がいる.
Tanaka-san wa dokushin no furi wo shite iru ga, kekkon shite ite, 3nin mo kodomo ga iru.
Takana pretends to be single, but he is actually married with three children.