Common Japanese Counters

15/03/2023Updated 29/10/20242 min read

Translated from the Vietnamese original. View the original.

Common Japanese counters

Counters and How to Use Them in Japanese
Just like Vietnamese, Japanese has a way of talking about quantity (known as counters).

つ:Items (the general counter for objects)

人(にん):Counting people

名(めい):Counting people politely (customers, the person you are dealing with, …)

台(だい):Counting machines and vehicles

枚(まい):Counting flat, thin things (CDs, paper, shirts, …)

部(ぶ):Counting sets (a set of documents, …)

札(さつ):Counting banknotes

冊(さつ):Counting volumes (books)

本(ほん・ぼん・ぽん):Counting long, thin things (sticks, poles, umbrellas, …)

番(ばん):Counting ordinal numbers

着(ちゃく):Counting clothes

足(そく):Counting shoes and socks

杯(はい・ばい・ぱい):Counting drinks

回(かい):Counting times *note: 三回(さんかい)*

階(かい):Counting floors *note: 三階(さんがい)*

軒(けん):Counting houses

件(けん):Counting events and cases

丁(ちょう):Counting blocks of tofu

時間(じかん):Counting hours

分(ふん・ぷん):Counting minutes

秒(びょう):Counting seconds

匹(ひき):Counting animals

羽(わ):Counting birds

頭(とう):Counting livestock

倍(ばい):Counting multiples

個(こ):Counting pieces (small objects)

泊(はく):Counting nights in a guesthouse or hotel

席(せき):Counting seats

車両(しゃりょう):Counting railway carriages

膳(ぜん):Counting servings of a meal

滴(てき):Counting drops of liquid

通り(とおり):Counting ways of doing something

通(つう):Counting letters

点(てん):Counting points or items

種類(しゅるい):Counting kinds

切れ(きれ):Counting slices or cut pieces

船(せん):Counting boats and ships

How counters are used in Japanese
A counter in Japanese normally comes after the particle and before the verb.

Question words for numbers
いくつ is the question word for objects counted with ~つ
The other counters use なん+the counter.

Here are a few example sentences with counters.

わたしの かぞくは りょうしんと あねが ふたり います。
(My family is my parents and my two elder sisters)

じむしょに コンピューター が ごだい あります。
(There are 5 computers in the office )

けさ スーパーで りんご を いつつ  かいました。
(This morning I bought 5 apples at the supermarket)

A: かばんをいくつ買(か)いましたか。
How many bags did you buy?

B: 二(ふた)つ買(か)いました。
I bought 2.

100円(えん)の切手(きって)を1枚(まい)ください。
Give me one 100-yen stamp, please.

A: 家族(かぞく)は何人(なんにん)ですか。
How many people are there in your family?

B: 3(さん)人(にん)です。
There are 3 people in my family.

See also
65 Japanese Adverbs of TIME
Japanese Vocabulary for Immigration and Customs

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