Mimi Kara Oboeru N4 Grammar: 58. ~ば

Mimi Kara Oboeru N4 Grammar: 58. ~ば (ba)
Here is Japanese N4 grammar study material taken from the Mimi Kara Oboeru N4 textbook.

~ば（仮定形 – conditional form）

1. How to change from the dictionary form to the conditional form:
– Group I verbs: V[う] => V[え]る
– Group II and III verbs: Vる => Vれば
– い-adjectives: change い=>ければ
– な-adjectives and nouns: change だ => なら; in the negative change ではない => でなければ.

2. Meaning: if (hypothetical condition)

８時にうちを出れば、8 時15 分の電車に間に合うでしょう。
8-Ji ni ie o dereba, 8-ji 15-bu no densha ni maniaudeshou.
If you leave home at 8, you should make the 8:15 train.

「日本語の新聞が読めますか」「ええ、辞書を使えば」
`Nihongo no shinbun ga yomemasu ka’`ē , jisho o tsukaeba’
Can you read Japanese newspapers? – Yes, if I use a dictionary.

天気がよければ、ここから富士山を見ることができます。
Tenki ga yokereba, koko kara fujisan o miru koto ga dekimasu.
If the weather is good, you can see Mount Fuji from here.

「食べたくなければ食べなくてもいいですよ」
`Tabetakunakereba tabenakute mo īdesu yo’
If you do not want to eat, you do not have to

「今度の日曜日、もしひまなら遊びに来てください」
`Kondo no nichiyōbi, moshi himanara asobi ni kite kudasai’
If you are free this Sunday, come over!

日本語が上手でなければこの仕事はできません。
Nihongo ga jōzudenakereba kono shigoto wa dekimasen.
If your Japanese is not good, you cannot do this job.

もうすぐ子供が生まれます。名前は、男の子なら「一郎」、女の子なら「さくら」 にするつもりです。
Mōsugu kodomo ga umaremasu. Namae wa, otokonokonara `Ichirō’, on’nanokonara `sakura’ ni suru tsumoridesu.
The baby is due soon. I plan to name it “Ichiro” if it is a boy and “Sakura” if it is a girl.

「いくらですか。1 万円ぐらいなら払えますけど」
`Ikuradesu ka. 1 Man-en gurainara haraemasukedo’
How much is this? If it is around ten thousand yen, I have enough to pay.

3. Note: the second clause is not in the past tense.