Mimi Kara Oboeru N4 Grammar: 56. ~と
Translated from the Vietnamese original. View the original.
Mimi Kara Oboeru N4 Grammar: 56. ~と (to)
Here is Japanese N4 grammar study material taken from the Mimi Kara Oboeru N4 textbook.
~と
1. Meaning 1: In the case of… (then always)…
a. Structure: [noun / い-adjective / な-adjective / verb] in the plain form +と…
For the negative of な-adjectives and nouns we use the short form with でな い, for example 元気でない、学生でな い.
このあたりでは、3 月の終わりごろになるとさくらが咲きます。
Kono ataride wa, 3 tsuki no owari-goro ni naru to sakura ga sakimasu.
Every year around the end of March, the cherry blossoms are in full bloom in this area.
あの角を曲がると駅があります。
Ano tsuno o magaru to eki ga arimasu.
Turn at that corner and you will see the station.
このボタンを押すとおつりが出ます。（機械の操作）
Kono botanwoosu to o tsuri ga demasu. (Kikai no sōsa)
Press this button and your change comes out.
天気がいいと、この窓から富士山が見える。
Tenki ga ī to, kono mado kara fujisan ga mieru.
When the weather is fine, you can see Mount Fuji from this window.
私は部屋が静かでないと勉強できない。
Watashi wa heya ga shizukadenai to benkyō dekinai.
I cannot study if the room is not quiet.
２０人以上の団体だと、１割引きになります。
20-Ri ijō no dantaida to, 1 waribiki ni narimasu.
Groups of 20 or more get a 10% discount.
b. Note: after と, volitional forms, wishes, orders or requests are not used.
ｘ 暑いと窓を開けてください。（暑かったら～）
ｘ 高校を卒業すると、留学するつもりだ（高校を卒業したら～） 意味
2. Meaning 2: As soon as the first event happens, the next action immediately follows.
* Structure: dictionary-form verb + と…
窓を開けると涼しい風が入ってきた。
Madowoakeru to suzushī kaze ga haitte kita.
As soon as I opened the window, a cool breeze blew in.
電話をかけると、5 分で救急車が来た。
Denwawokakeru to, 5-bu de kyūkyūsha ga kita.
Five minutes after I called, the ambulance arrived.
私はうちへ帰るとすぐテレビをつけるんです。
Watashi wa uchi e kaeruto sugu terebi o tsukeru ndesu.
As soon as I get home, I turn on the TV.
3. Meaning 3: Finding out what had already happened after doing an action.
* Structure: dictionary-form verb + と…
うちへ帰ると、友達から手紙が来ていた。
Uchi e kaeru to, tomodachi kara tegami ga kite ita.
When I got home, I found a letter from my friend had arrived.
窓の外を見ると、雪がつもっていた。
Mado no soto o miru to, yuki ga tsumotte ita.
When I looked out of the window, I saw the snow had piled up.