Mimi Kara Oboeru N3 Grammar – はずだ (hazuda)

09/12/2020Updated 04/09/20212 min read

Translated from the Vietnamese original. View the original.

Mimi Kara Oboeru N3 Grammar – はずだ (hazuda)
Here is Japanese N3 grammar study material taken from the Mimi Kara Oboeru N3 textbook.

80. ~はずだ
a. Meaning 1: understanding and accepting the reason = わけだ, “no wonder ~”, “so that is why ~”
Structure: [N/V/A] noun-modifying form + はずだ

ドアが開かないはずだ。かぎが違っていた。
Doa ga akanai hazuda. Kagi ga chigatte ita.
No wonder the door would not open. It was the wrong key.

体がだるいはずだ。熱が38度もある。
Karadagadarui hazuda. Netsu ga 38-do mo aru.
No wonder I felt worn out. I had a fever of 38 degrees.

b. Meaning 2: the result differs from what was expected or planned.
Structure: [N/V/A] noun-modifying form + はずだ

汽車は3時に発車するはずだったが、急病人が出たために10分ほど遅れた。
Kisha wa 3-ji ni hassha suru hazudattaga, kyūbyōjin ga deta tame ni 10-bu hodo okureta.
The train should have left at 3 o’clock, but because of a problem it was about 10 minutes late.

「変だなあ。このボタンを押せば動くはずなのに。。。」
`Henda nā. Kono botan o oseba ugoku hazunanoni…’
Strange! Pressing this button should have made it work…

日本へ来れば日本語なんかすぐに話せるようになると思っていた。こんなはずではなかった。
Nihon e kureba nihongo nanka sugu ni hanaseru yō ni naru to omotte ita. Konna hazude wa nakatta.
I thought I would be able to speak Japanese as soon as I arrived in Japan. But that was not the case.

c. Meaning 3: I was sure that ~, but that turned out not to be so.
Structure: Vた + はずだ

はさみが見あたらない。さっき見たときは、机の上にあったはずなのに。
Hasami ga miataranai. Sakki mita toki wa, tsukue no ue ni atta hazunanoni.
I cannot find the scissors. I was sure I saw them on the desk…

バッグに入れたはずのケータイがない。どこかで落としたのだろうか。
Baggu ni ireta hazu no kētai ga nai. Doko ka de otoshita nodarou ka.
I cannot find the mobile phone I was sure I had put in my bag. Maybe I dropped it somewhere.

何度も確かめたはずだったのに、メールアドレスを書き間違えていた。
Nando mo tashikameta hazudatta no ni, mēruadoresu o kaki machigaete ita.
I was sure I had checked carefully, and yet I still wrote the email address wrong.

自転車をとられた。かぎはかけておいたはずなのだが。
Jitensha o tora reta. Kagi wa kakete oita hazuna nodaga.
My bicycle has been stolen. I was sure I had locked it.

わけ
a. Meaning: reason, circumstances.

「遅れてすみません。でも、これにはわけがあるんです」
I am sorry for the delay. But there is actually a reason for it.

さっきまできげんの良かった部長が急に不きげんになった。まったく、わけがわからない。
The manager, who was cheerful a moment ago, suddenly got angry. I have no idea why.

b. Meaning: meaning
子どもを殺した犯人はわけのわからないことを叫んでいた。
The child murderer screamed something unintelligible.

c. <わけはない>: no trouble, easy.
学校でコンピューターの勉強をした。ホームページを開くぐらい、わけはない。
I studied computing at school. Opening a home page is easy.

易しい問題だったので、わけなくできた。
Because it was an easy assignment, I finished it without any difficulty.

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